Scissors.



F. O. HOMME, J. T. VOLLEN & I. L. ISAAGSON.

SUISSORS.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 27, 1909.

946,441 Patented Jan. 11,1910.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

mam: 0. 110mm, .rosnrn 'r. VOLLEN, AND ISAAC L. rsaacson, on KLOTEN, NORTH naxo'ra.

SCISSORS.

Speciflcationpf Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 11, 1910.

Application filed April 27, 1909. Serial No. 492,517.

all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known, that we, FRANK O. HOMME, JOSEPH T. Jonas, and Isaac L lsaacson, citizens of the United States, residing at Kloten, in the county of Nelson and State of North Dakota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Scissors, of which the following is a specification, reference being bad to the accompanying drawin s.

This invention relates to improvements in scissors, shears, and analogous cutting de vices.

One obj ect of the invention is to provide a pair of scissors or the like with an improved pivotal connection whereby the blades will be caused to work with little or no friction and wear may be easily taken up to cause the cutting ed e of the blades to properly contact each 0t ier.

Another object of the invention is to pro vide the blades of a pair of scissors or the like with detachable cutting edges which may be readily reground and replaced when worn out or broken.

\Vith the above and other objects in view, the invention consists of the novel features of construction and the combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter fully described and claimed. and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a plan view of a pair of scissors showing the invention applied thereto; Fig. 2 is a sectional view through the pivot taken on the plane indicated by the line 2-2 in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a detail perspective view of the pivot and a portion of the blade which carries it; Fig. 4 is a plan view of the corresponding portion of the other blade; Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the spring cone washer; Fig. 6 is a bottom perspective view of the adjusting nut; Fig. 7 is a detail-perspective view of one of the cutting edges or shear plates; and Figs. 8 and 9 are detail sectional views taken, respectively, on the planes indicated by the lines 88 and 99 in Fig. 1.

Referring moreparticularly to the drawings, 1 and 2 denote the two levers or blades of the scissors. These blades are connected intermediate their ends by the improved pivotal connection and have at one end the usual handles 3. Said connection comprises a. pivot stud 4 screwed or otherwise secured m the blade 1 and having its projecting portion provided with a cylindrical part 5, a reduced squared or flat faced part 6 and a further reduced screw threaded part 7. The other blade 2 is formed at a suitable point with a bearing opening 8 to receive the cylindrical'portion 5 of the pivot and in the outer face of said blade 2 concentric with the opening 8 is a cavity 9 formed preferably in an enlargement on said blade, as shown. The cavity 9 serves both as a grease or lubricant cup and a raceway for an annular series of bearing balls 10, which latter are engaged by a spring cone washer 4. Said washer 11 has a central opening 12 shaped to receive the squared portion 6 of the pivot, thereby the Washer will be prevented from rotating on the pivot but can slide inwardly thereon to vary its pressure on the bearin balls 10. Said washer 11 has a cone-shaped outer edge or rim 13 to contact with the bearing balls 10 and its portion between said edge 13 and the opening 12 in its center is cut away or thinned to rovide a resilient connecting web 14 which is engaged by an annular projecting portion 15 formed on the bottom or inner face of a nut 16 which is screwed on threaded end or extremity 7 of the pivot 4. Said nut 16 is preferably in the form of a large flat disk and its edge or periphery is milled or notched, as shown at 17. so that it may be readily rotated by hand without the use of any tool. If desired. however. the outer face of the nut may be formed with a transver=e notch or groove 18 to receive a screw driver. The bottom face of the projecting portion or boss 15 is serrated or roughened, as shown at 18, so as to effectively engage the thinned portion or web 11 of the washer and thereby more eifectively retain the parts in adjusted position.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the peculiar construction of the improved pivotal connection will cause all wear to be removed from the pivot or stem 4 and placed on the bearing balls 10 and the raceway and cone washer for said balls. Furthermore, the peculiar construction of the spring cone' washer and the adjusting nut enables wear to be easily taken up and also permits the desired tension to be placed upon the hearing balls to cause the blades to properly contact each other. The provision of the annular row of balls distributes the wear and prevents the balls from wearing fiat and the provision of the annular cavity or raceway for the balls provides a grease cup which when filled with a lubricant will keep the bearing lubricated for a long time.

The outer ends or cutting portions of the blades 1, 2 may have the usual integral cutting edges but, if desired, they may be so shaped to receive the improveddetachable steel plates or shears 20, 21, shown more clearly in Figs. 1, 7, 8 and 9 of the drawings. The plate 20 for the blade 1 is flat, while the plate 21 for the blade 2 is formed at its outer edge with a longitudinal rib or enlargement 22 but in all other respects, said plates 20, 21 are the same in construction. ach one is removably arranged in a recess 23 formed in the inner face of one of the blades and having its inner wall and also its end walls undercut, as shown .at 2i, to receive beveled edges 25 on said plates. Adjacent the center of each of the plates 20, 21 is formed a projecting tongue 26 which is received by a similar-shaped recess 27 and in which latter it is secured by a screw 28, as shown more clearly in Figs. 1 and 8 of the drawings. This screw connection with the undercut or beveled edges of the shear plates and the recess for the same causes said plates to be etleetively retained in the recess of the blades 1, 2 but at the same time permits of their ready removal when the screws 28 are removed.

By making the cutting edges or shear plates of the blades detachable, they may be more easily ground and sharpened and when worn out or broken they may be replaced by new ones at a comparatively small cost.

Having thus described the invention what is claimed is:

1. A pair of scissors or the like comprising blades, a pivot stud projecting from one blade and having a flat faced portion and a threaded extremity, the other blade being formed with an opening to receive said pivot and a cavity concentric with the pivot to provide a grease cup and a raceway, an annular series of bearing balls in said raceway, a cone-shaped washer slidably but non-rotatably arranged on the fiat faced portion of the pivot and engaged with said bearing balls and a nut on the threaded portion Of',tl1(3 pivot.

2. A pair of scissors or the like comprising blades, a pivot stud projecting from one blade and having a flat faced portion and a threaded extremity, the other blade being formed with an opening to receive said pivot and a cavity concentric with the pivot. to provide a grease cup and a raceway, an annular series of bearing balls in said raceway, a cone-shaped washer slidably but non-rotatably arranged on the flat faced portion of the pivot and engaged with said bearing balls, and a nut arranged on the threaded end of the pivot and having upon its inner face a roughened projection to engage said washer.

A pair of scissors or the like comprising blades, a pivot stud projecting from one blade and having a flat faced portion and a threaded extremity, the other blade being formed with an opening to receive said pivot and a. cavity concentric with the pivot to provide a grease cup and a raceway, an annular series of bearing balls in said raceway, a washer slidably but non-rotatably arranged on said pivot and having a cone-shaped ring to engage said bearing balls and a thin in termediate portion 01' web, whereby its rim is resiliently supported from its central portion and a nut upon the threaded extremity of the pivot.

l. A pair of scissors or the like comprising blades, a pivot stud projecting from one blade and having a fiat faced portion and a threaded extremity, the other blade being formed with an opening to receive said pivot and a cavity concentric with the pivot to provide a grease cup and a raceway, an annular series of bearing balls in said raceway, a spring cone washer slidably but non-rotatably arranged on the flat faced portion of the pivot and engaged with said bearing balls, and a nut of fiat. circular shape arranged on the threaded extremity of the pivot and having upon its inner face a roughened projection to engage said washer.

5. A pair of scissors or the like comprising blades, one having a pivot opening, a pivot stud projecting trom the other blade, and through said opening, said blade having a pivot opening being also formed in its outer face with a raceway, a cone-shaped resilient washer slidably but non-rotatably arranged on said pivot, bearing balls between said washer and the raceway and a retaining element upon the outer portion of the pivot.

In testimony whercaf we hereunto ailix our signatures in the presence of two witnesses.

FRANK O. HOMME. JOSEPH T. V OLLEN. ISAAC L. ISAACSON.

lVitnesses E. J. SEVERSON, S. A. KnooH. 

